A wide selection of fundamental
and
tree
processes of the Standard Model (electroweak and strong) has been
included in PYTHIA, and slots are provided for many more, not yet
implemented. In addition, `minimum-bias'-type processes
(like elastic scattering), loop graphs, box graphs,
tree
graphs and many non-Standard Model processes are included. The
classification is not always unique. A process that proceeds only
via an
-channel state is classified as a
process
(e.g.
), but a
cross section may well have contributions from
-channel diagrams
(
obtains contributions from
). Also, in the program,
and
graphs may sometimes be convoluted with two
splittings to form effective
or
processes
(
is folded with
and
to give
).
The original classification and numbering scheme feels less relevant
today than when originally conceived. In those days, the calculation
of
or
matrix elements was sufficiently complicated
that one would wish to avoid it if at all possible, e.g. by having in
mind to define effective parton densities for all standard model
particles, such as the
. Today, the improved computational
techniques and increased computing power implies that people would be
willing to include a branching
as part of the hard
process, i.e. not try to factor it off in some approximation. With the
large top mass and large Higgs mass limits, there is also a natural
subdivision, such that the
quark is the heaviest object for which
the parton distribution concept makes sense. Therefore most of the
prepared but empty slots are likely to remain empty, or be reclaimed
for other processes.
It is possible to select a combination of subprocesses to simulate,
and also afterwards to know which subprocess was actually selected in
each event. For this purpose, all subprocesses are numbered according
to an ISUB code. The list of possible codes is given in Tables
,
,
,
,
,
,
and
. Only processes marked with a `+' sign in the first
column have been implemented in the program to date. Although
ISUB codes were originally designed in a logical fashion,
we must admit that subsequent developments of the program have tended
to obscure the structure. For instance, the process numbers for Higgs
production are spread out, in part as a consequence of the original
classification, in part because further production mechanisms have been
added one at a time, in whatever free slots could be found. At some
future date the subprocess list will therefore be re-organized.
In the thematic descriptions that follow the main tables, the
processes of interest are repeated in a more logical order. If you
want to look for a specific process, it will be easier
to find it there.
| In | No. | Subprocess | Reference | |
| + | 1 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| + | 2 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| + | 3 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| 4 |
|
|||
| + | 5 |
|
[Eic84,Cha85] | |
| 6 |
|
|||
| 7 |
|
|||
| + | 8 |
|
[Eic84,Cha85] | |
| + | 10 |
|
[Ing87a] | |
| + | 11 |
|
[Com77,Ben84,Eic84] | |
| + | 12 |
|
[Com77,Ben84,Eic84] | |
| + | 13 |
|
[Com77,Ben84] | |
| + | 14 |
|
[Hal78,Ben84] | |
| + | 15 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| + | 16 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| 17 |
|
|||
| + | 18 |
|
[Ber84] | |
| + | 19 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| + | 20 |
|
[Eic84,Sam91] | |
| 21 |
|
|||
| + | 22 |
|
[Eic84,Gun86] | |
| + | 23 |
|
[Eic84,Gun86] | |
| + | 24 |
|
[Ber85] | |
| + | 25 |
|
[Bar94,Gun86] | |
| + | 26 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| 27 |
|
|||
| + | 28 |
|
[Com77,Ben84] | |
| + | 29 |
|
[Hal78,Ben84] | |
| + | 30 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| + | 31 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| + | 32 |
|
||
| + | 33 |
|
[Duk82] | |
| + | 34 |
|
[Duk82] | |
| + | 35 |
|
[Gab86] | |
| + | 36 |
|
[Gab86] | |
| 37 |
|
|||
| 38 |
|
|||
| 39 |
|
| In | No. | Subprocess | Reference | |
| 40 |
|
|||
| 41 |
|
|||
| 42 |
|
|||
| 43 |
|
|||
| 44 |
|
|||
| 45 |
|
|||
| 46 |
|
|||
| 47 |
|
|||
| 48 |
|
|||
| 49 |
|
|||
| 50 |
|
|||
| 51 |
|
|||
| 52 |
|
|||
| + | 53 |
|
[Com77,Ben84] | |
| + | 54 |
|
[Duk82] | |
| 55 |
|
|||
| 56 |
|
|||
| 57 |
|
|||
| + | 58 |
|
[Bar90] | |
| 59 |
|
|||
| 60 |
|
|||
| 61 |
|
|||
| 62 |
|
|||
| 63 |
|
|||
| 64 |
|
|||
| 65 |
|
|||
| 66 |
|
|||
| 67 |
|
|||
| + | 68 |
|
[Com77,Ben84] | |
| + | 69 |
|
[Kat83] | |
| + | 70 |
|
[Kun87] | |
| + | 71 |
|
[Abb87] | |
| + | 72 |
|
[Abb87] | |
| + | 73 |
|
[Dob91] | |
| 74 |
|
|||
| 75 |
|
|||
| + | 76 |
|
[Ben87b] | |
| + | 77 |
|
[Dun86,Bar90a] | |
| 78 |
|
|||
| 79 |
|
|||
| + | 80 |
|
[Bag82] |
| In | No. | Subprocess | Reference | |
| + | 81 |
|
[Com79] | |
| + | 82 |
|
[Com79] | |
| + | 83 |
|
[Dic86] | |
| + | 84 |
|
[Fon81] | |
| + | 85 |
|
[Bar90] | |
| + | 86 |
|
[Bai83] | |
| + | 87 |
|
[Gas87] | |
| + | 88 |
|
[Gas87] | |
| + | 89 |
|
[Gas87] | |
| + | 91 | elastic scattering | [Sch94] | |
| + | 92 | single diffraction ( |
[Sch94] | |
| + | 93 | single diffraction ( |
[Sch94] | |
| + | 94 | double diffraction | [Sch94] | |
| + | 95 | low- |
[Sjö87a] | |
| + | 96 | semihard QCD |
[Sjö87a] | |
| + | 99 |
|
||
| 101 |
|
|||
| + | 102 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| + | 103 |
|
[Dre89] | |
| + | 104 |
|
[Bai83] | |
| + | 105 |
|
[Bai83] | |
| + | 106 |
|
[Dre91] | |
| + | 107 |
|
[Ber81] | |
| + | 108 |
|
[Jun97] | |
| + | 110 |
|
[Ber85a] | |
| + | 111 |
|
[Ell88] | |
| + | 112 |
|
[Ell88] | |
| + | 113 |
|
[Ell88] | |
| + | 114 |
|
[Con71,Ber84,Dic88] | |
| + | 115 |
|
[Con71,Ber84,Dic88] | |
| 116 |
|
|||
| 117 |
|
|||
| 118 |
|
|||
| 119 |
|
|||
| + | 121 |
|
[Kun84] | |
| + | 122 |
|
[Kun84] | |
| + | 123 |
|
[Cah84] | |
| + | 124 |
|
[Cah84] | |
| + | 131 |
|
[Alt78] | |
| + | 132 |
|
[Alt78] | |
| + | 133 |
|
[Alt78] |
| In | No. | Subprocess | Reference | |
| + | 134 |
|
[Alt78] | |
| + | 135 |
|
[Alt78] | |
| + | 136 |
|
[Alt78] | |
| + | 137 |
|
[Bai81] | |
| + | 138 |
|
[Bai81] | |
| + | 139 |
|
[Bai81] | |
| + | 140 |
|
[Bai81] | |
| + | 141 |
|
[Alt89] | |
| + | 142 |
|
[Alt89] | |
| + | 143 |
|
[Gun87] | |
| + | 144 |
|
[Ben85a] | |
| + | 145 |
|
[Wud86] | |
| + | 146 |
|
[Bau90] | |
| + | 147 |
|
[Bau90] | |
| + | 148 |
|
[Bau90] | |
| + | 149 |
|
[Eic84,App92] | |
| + | 151 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| + | 152 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| + | 153 |
|
[Dre89] | |
| + | 156 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| + | 157 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| + | 158 |
|
[Dre89] | |
| + | 161 |
|
[Bar88] | |
| + | 162 |
|
[Hew88] | |
| + | 163 |
|
[Hew88,Eic84] | |
| + | 164 |
|
[Hew88] | |
| + | 165 |
|
[Eic84,Lan91] | |
| + | 166 |
|
[Eic84,Lan91] | |
| + | 167 |
|
[Bau90] | |
| + | 168 |
|
[Bau90] | |
| + | 169 |
|
[Bau90] | |
| + | 171 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| + | 172 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| + | 173 |
|
[Cah84] | |
| + | 174 |
|
[Cah84] | |
| + | 176 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| + | 177 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| + | 178 |
|
[Cah84] | |
| + | 179 |
|
[Cah84] | |
| + | 181 |
|
[Kun84] | |
| + | 182 |
|
[Kun84] |
| In | No. | Subprocess | Reference | |
| + | 183 |
|
[Ell88] | |
| + | 184 |
|
[Ell88] | |
| + | 185 |
|
[Ell88] | |
| + | 186 |
|
[Kun84] | |
| + | 187 |
|
[Kun84] | |
| + | 188 |
|
[Ell88] | |
| + | 189 |
|
[Ell88] | |
| + | 190 |
|
[Ell88] | |
| + | 191 |
|
[Eic96] | |
| + | 192 |
|
[Eic96] | |
| + | 193 |
|
[Eic96] | |
| + | 194 |
|
[Eic96,Lan99] | |
| + | 195 |
|
[Eic96,Lan99] | |
| + | 201 |
|
[Bar87,Daw85] | |
| + | 202 |
|
[Bar87,Daw85] | |
| + | 203 |
|
[Bar87] | |
| + | 204 |
|
[Bar87,Daw85] | |
| + | 205 |
|
[Bar87,Daw85] | |
| + | 206 |
|
[Bar87] | |
| + | 207 |
|
[Bar87,Daw85] | |
| + | 208 |
|
[Bar87,Daw85] | |
| + | 209 |
|
[Bar87] | |
| + | 210 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 211 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 212 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 213 |
|
[Bar87,Daw85] | |
| + | 214 |
|
[Bar87,Daw85] | |
| + | 216 |
|
[Bar86a] | |
| + | 217 |
|
[Bar86a] | |
| + | 218 |
|
[Bar86a] | |
| + | 219 |
|
[Bar86a] | |
| + | 220 |
|
[Bar86a] | |
| + | 221 |
|
[Bar86a] | |
| + | 222 |
|
[Bar86a] | |
| + | 223 |
|
[Bar86a] | |
| + | 224 |
|
[Bar86a] | |
| + | 225 |
|
[Bar86a] | |
| + | 226 |
|
[Bar86b] | |
| + | 227 |
|
[Bar86b] | |
| + | 228 |
|
[Bar86b] |
| In | No. | Subprocess | Reference | |
| + | 229 |
|
[Bar86a,Bar86b] | |
| + | 230 |
|
[Bar86a,Bar86b] | |
| + | 231 |
|
[Bar86a,Bar86b] | |
| + | 232 |
|
[Bar86a,Bar86b] | |
| + | 233 |
|
[Bar86a,Bar86b] | |
| + | 234 |
|
[Bar86a,Bar86b] | |
| + | 235 |
|
[Bar86a,Bar86b] | |
| + | 236 |
|
[Bar86a,Bar86b] | |
| + | 237 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 238 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 239 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 240 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 241 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 242 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 243 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 244 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 246 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 247 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 248 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 249 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 250 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 251 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 252 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 253 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 254 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 256 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 258 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 259 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 261 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 262 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 263 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 264 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 265 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 271 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 272 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 273 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 274 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 275 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 276 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 277 |
|
[Daw85] |
| In | No. | Subprocess | Reference | |
| + | 278 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 279 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 280 |
|
[Daw85] | |
| + | 281 |
|
||
| + | 282 |
|
||
| + | 283 |
|
||
| + | 284 |
|
||
| + | 285 |
|
||
| + | 286 |
|
||
| + | 287 |
|
||
| + | 288 |
|
||
| + | 289 |
|
||
| + | 290 |
|
||
| + | 291 |
|
||
| + | 292 |
|
||
| + | 293 |
|
||
| + | 294 |
|
||
| + | 295 |
|
||
| + | 296 |
|
||
| + | 297 |
|
||
| + | 298 |
|
||
| + | 299 |
|
||
| + | 300 |
|
||
| + | 301 |
|
||
| + | 341 |
|
[Hui97] | |
| + | 342 |
|
[Hui97] | |
| + | 343 |
|
[Hui97] | |
| + | 344 |
|
[Hui97] | |
| + | 345 |
|
[Hui97] | |
| + | 346 |
|
[Hui97] | |
| + | 347 |
|
[Hui97] | |
| + | 348 |
|
[Hui97] | |
| + | 349 |
|
[Hui97] | |
| + | 350 |
|
[Hui97] | |
| + | 351 |
|
[Hui97] | |
| + | 352 |
|
[Hui97] | |
| + | 353 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| + | 354 |
|
[Eic84] | |
| + | 361 |
|
[Lan99] | |
| + | 362 |
|
[Lan99] |